After landing, it serves as the launchpad for the Ascender Module to return to lunar orbit. It is designed to make a controlled landing, minimizing impact and ensuring the stability of the lander for operations on the lunar surface. Lander Module (LM): The Lander Module is responsible for the descent from lunar orbit to the Moon's surface.It is equipped with the necessary propulsion and navigation systems to enter into and maintain a lunar orbit. Transfer Module (TM): This module serves as the interplanetary transportation mechanism that carries the other modules from Earth's orbit to the Moon.This planned lunar sample-return mission comprises four modules: The propulsion module eventually escaped the moon's gravity by using the moon's gravity in well-orchestrated four moon fly-bys and was captured by Earth on November 22, when it was 1.54 lakhs km away from Earth.īuilding on the success of Chandrayaan-3, Chandrayaan-4 mission is set to be ISRO's most ambitious lunar mission yet. ISRO achieved this by first raising the module's orbit on October 9, 2023, from 150 km to 5112 km, and then expanding it to a range of 1.8 lakhs x 3.8 lakhs km on October 13. ISRO demonstrated the re-ignition capabilities of Vikram Lander engines during the HOP Experiment on September 3, 2023, followed by an even more impressive feat: retrieving the propulsion module from the moon's orbit and bringing it to Earth.Īlso read: Chandrayaan-4 mission: How ISRO will bring Moon soil sample back to Earth
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